Payer Island (Russian: oстров Пайера, ostrov Payera) is an island in Franz Josef Land, Russia. Its area is 160 km².
Payer Island is part of the Zichy Land subgroup of the Franz Josef Archipelago.
This island was named after Julius Johannes Ludovicus von Payer an Austro-Hungarian arctic explorer and an Arctic landscape artist, one of the leaders of the Austro-Hungarian North Pole Expedition.
Very close to Payer Island, off its easternmost point, lie some small islands: